The Campbell Company

The Campbell Company is evaluating a proposal to buy a new milling machine. The base price is $108,000, and shipping and installation costs would add another $12,500. The machine falls into the MACRS 3-year class, and it would be sold after 3 years for $65,000. The machine would require a $5,500 increase in working capital (increased inventory less increased accounts payable). There would be no effect on revenues, but pre-tax labor costs would decline by $44,000 per year. The marginal tax rate is 35 percent. 1. What is the net cost of the machine for capital budgeting purposes, that is, the Year 0 project cash flow? Net Cost of the machine = $108,000 + $12,500 + $5,500 = $126,000 2. What are the net operating cash flows during Years 1, 2 and 3? Â   | Year | |Â   |0 |1 |2 |3 | |After-Tax Savings |Â   |$28,600 |$28,600 |$28,600 | |Depreciation Tax Savings |Â   |$13,918 |$18,979 |$6,326 | |Net Cash Flow |Â   |$42,518 |$47,579 |$34,926 | . What is the terminal year cash flow? |Salvage Value |$65,000 | |Tax on Salvage Value |$19,798 | |NWC Recovery |$5,500 | |Terminal Cash Flow |$50,702 | 4. If the project’s cost of capital (WACC) is 12 percent, should the machine be purchased? Yes, the machine should be purchased as the investment has a positive NPV of $10,840 as per the following table. |NPV Analysis | |Year |Cash Flow |PV Factor @ 12% |PV | |0 |($126,000) |1 |($126,000) | |1 |$42,518 |0. 929 |$37,962 | |2 |$47,579 |0. 7972 |$37,929 | |3 |$85,629 |0. 7118 |$60,949 | |NPV |Â   |Â   |$10,840 |

Feminism in Doll’s House Essay

One of the primary tenets of Marxism is the belief that human thought is a product of the individual’s social and economic conditions, their relationships with others are often undermined by those conditions (Letterbie 1259), and that the weak or less-fortunate are always exploited by the richer bourgeoisie. A common theme found in Henrik Ibsen’s play, â€Å"A Dolls House,† is the exploitation of the weak and the poor by the strong and the rich, and an obsession with material possession. The characters in â€Å"A Dolls House† are all affected by the lack or acquisition of money, and their entire lives and way of thinking are based upon it. Therefore, a Marxist theme pervades throughout much of the play and can be seen from each of the main character’s perspectives. Nora’s way of thinking and her outlook on life are both completely dominated by her material wealth and financial conditions. For example, when the play begins Nora is just returning home from a shopping trip. She enters the apartment with an â€Å"armload of packages† (43) and is followed by a boy carrying a Christmas tree. Nora then tells Helene, one of their maids, to hide the tree so the kids won’t see it until it’s been decorated. When Torvald enters, she asks him for money so she can â€Å"hang the bills in gilt paper† as Christmas tree decorations (45). The tree symbolizes her obsession with money because she didn’t want anyone to see it until it had been decorated to show off their newfound wealth. Previously, she made the decorations by hand, spending an entire day on the project. Doing the same now would be â€Å"thinking poor† in her mind, so she spends excessive amounts of money on presents and decorates the tree with it because now they can afford to â€Å"let themselves go a bit† (44). Now that Nora belongs to a higher social class she practically throws money away. She tells the tree delivery boy to keep the change from the crown she gave him, paying him twice what he asks. Despite the fact that Torvald’s raise won’t come into effect for another three months, she insists that â€Å"we can borrow until then† (44) when previously she and Torvald saved every penny they could in order to get by, and they both worked odd jobs in order to supplement their income. She becomes more selfish as well, claiming that if something were to happen to Torvald after they had borrowed money, â€Å"it just wouldn’t matter† (44) because the people they borrowed from are strangers. Now that they belong to a higher social class, her responsibility has flown out the door and she cares only for her own interests. She doesn’t care what would happen to the â€Å"strangers† she borrowed from, because she concentrates only on what she can extract from other people. Also, when her friend Kristine comes over, the first thing she mentions is her husband’s new job, claiming that she feels â€Å"so light and happy† (49) because they now â€Å"have stacks of money and not a care in the world† (49). When the wiser Kristine answers that it would be nice â€Å"to have enough for the necessities† (50) Nora insists that that is not enough-she repeats that she wants â€Å"stacks and stacks of money† (50). After she tells Kristine she borrowed the money for the trip to Italy, and tells her about all the â€Å"hard work† she did in order to pay it off, she says her worries â€Å"don’t matter anymore because now I’m free! † (56). She equates freedom with the acquisition of wealth, saying that having money is the only way she can be â€Å"carefree and happy† (56). By the end of the play, however, she realizes that even if she is able to be free of her debts, she is still financially enslaved to her husband, because as a woman she is completely dependant on him. She refers to leaving him as â€Å"closing out their accounts,† (108) and in doing so â€Å"she renounces not only her marital vows but also her financial dependence because she has discovered that personal and human freedom are not measured in economic terms,† (Letterbie 1260). Nora’s entire outlook on life changes with a change in her economic conditions, thereby demonstrating the Marxist belief that people’s thoughts are a product of their financial situations. Torvald is much more careful with money, but he too bases his outlook on life and relationships solely on money and the status it earns him. When he hears Nora return from shopping, he asks if â€Å"his little spendthrift has been out throwing money around again,† (44) saying that they â€Å"really can’t go squandering† (44). Nora claims that since Torvald will be making â€Å"piles and piles of money† (44) from now on they can borrow until his raise comes through, but he is adamant in his reply that they should â€Å"never borrow† and have no debt because â€Å"something of freedom is lost from a home that’s founded on borrowing and debt† (44). Torvald, too, equates money with freedom, and refuses to give up that freedom by borrowing money. He too then mentions that it is â€Å"a wonderful feeling† (47) to know that â€Å"one’s got a safe secure job with a comfortable salary,† (47) similar to Nora’s claim that she’s now â€Å"carefree and happy† because of it. Torvald cares not only about money, but about his social status as well. When he finds out that Nora borrowed money from Krogstad with a forged signature, his â€Å"love† for her is completely erased, and he says she’s â€Å"ruined all his happiness† (106). He cares only about his reputation, because â€Å"it’s got to seem like everything is the same between us-to the outside world, at least† (106). All that matters to him is â€Å"saving the bits and pieces, the appearance† (106). However, once Krogstad gives them the note and says he won’t tell anyone about it, he is suddenly, magically able to love her again, because no one will know. He still cares only about himself, however, claiming â€Å"I’m saved, I’m saved! Oh, and you too† (107). Nora is only an afterthought when it comes to his reputation. Their relationship is ruined because he continues to believe in money and social status as the source of happiness, while Nora comes to realize that money is not that important. The Marxist theme can be seen in both Kristine and Krogstad as well. Kristine sacrificed her love for Krogstad and married another man because â€Å"his prospects seemed hopeless back then,† (95) and she had to be able to take care of her mother and brothers. Although their relationship was revived in the end, it almost failed â€Å"simply for money† (95). Once she comes back to Krogstad, she still won’t even give up the job she took from him, because she has to look out for herself-she tells Nora that in her position â€Å"you have to live, and so you grow selfish† (52). This is a Marxist attitude because her entire life and mind-set are a result of her economic situation at the time of her decisions. Krogstad committed a crime in order to support his family, and when his job was threatened he tried to save it by every means possible-even blackmail-saying he would fight for it â€Å"like life itself† (64) if need be. Krogstad tells Nora that â€Å"it was your husband who forced me to revert to my old ways,† (88) but from a deeper perspective it was really his financial situation that forced his hand and made him blackmail Nora, just as it was the reason he committed a crime years before. The Helmer’s maid, Anna-Marie, also has a Marxist perspective on life. She had to leave her home and her child in order to get by. When Nora asks how she was able to give her child up to the care of strangers she just replies that â€Å"a girl who’s poor and who’s gotten in trouble† (73) has no other choice, and that her daughter â€Å"has written to me both when she was confirmed and when she was married† (73). Anna-Marie’s entire life as well as her way of thinking has been determined by her financial situation. Her relationship with her daughter is â€Å"interrupted and practically destroyed† yet she â€Å"accepts her alienation from her child as if it were natural, given the circumstances of class and money† (Letturbie 1260). She can’t afford to be upset about leaving her only child, because she had no other choice. She had to give up a relationship with someone she loved, just as Kristine had to give up her love for Krogstad. Anna-Marie’s situation exemplifies that â€Å"in the marketplace [women] were a labor force expecting subsistence wages† (Letturbie 1260). Marxism includes the belief â€Å"that capitalism is based on the exploitation of workers by the owners of capital. † Anna-Marie may not have been exploited directly by the rich, but she is forced to live a substandard life because she is poor, and unlike Nora, she does not challenge the laws of class and society but accepts her situation. She does not realize that social class and society’s laws were created by other people â€Å"and thus are capable of imperfection and susceptible to change,† (Letturbie 1260). So all she can expect is to be poor her entire life, and for her financial conditions to remain stagnant. The problems that Nora, Anna-Marie and Kristine face are compounded by their gender. Ibsen’s play is considered by many to be a feminist work, illustrating the erroneous treatment of â€Å"the woman issue,† as Ibsen called it. Though he said in a speech once that Nora was supposed to represent the Everyman, and that he hadn’t been trying to address the issue of women’s rights, critics argue that the presence of feminism in the play is inherent and â€Å"justifiable whatever Ibsen’s intention and in spite of his speech,† (Templeton 111). Nora is depicted until the end of the play as a helpless, dimwitted fool who wastes her husband’s hard earned money. She is Torvald’s plaything, his burden and responsibility. Templeton describes their marriage as â€Å"a pan-cultural ideal†¦a relation of superior and inferior in which the wife is a creature of little intellectual and moral capacity, whose right and proper station is subordination to her husband† (Templeton 138). Her â€Å"womanly helplessness† was attractive to Torvald, because he had to be in control. When they get the Bond back from Krogstad and Torvald â€Å"forgives her,† he says that â€Å"to a man there is something sweet and satisfying in forgiving his wife,† because it seems as if his forgiveness â€Å"had made her doubly his own; he has given her a new life, and she has in a way become both wife and child to him† (65). She was an object, his property, to whom he deigned to give life; but only for his own pleasure. During the first act, he never calls her by name; he calls her his â€Å"squirrel,† a â€Å"spendthrift,† and a â€Å"featherbrain,† among other things. Her entire identity is determined by these nicknames; while she is â€Å"his squirrel† she is innocent, childish, obedient, and completely dependant on him. When he finally addresses her by name, in Act Three, her behavior is entirely different—she becomes serious, determined, and willful. She is his â€Å"doll-wife,† playing the game of marriage. She tells Torvald in the end, â€Å"You arranged everything according to your own taste, and so I got the same tastes as you, or pretended to† (67). All of it is a role that Nora has been taught to play by society, the behavior expected of all women of the time. This role was merely a mask, one that she couldn’t live with in the end. On the outside, she is entirely obedient to her husband; but on the inside, she yearns for recognition and a love that Torvald wasn’t willing to give. She was expected to be content with the life she had, though it wasn’t in any way fair or equal. When she expresses her hope that Torvald would have taken the blame for her crime upon himself, Torvald says that â€Å"no man would ever forsake his honor for the one he loves,† and Nora replies that â€Å"millions of women have done just that† (70). Her rebellion was so shocking to the audience that Ibsen â€Å"was accused of a kind of godless androgyny; women, in refusing to be compliant, were refusing to be women† (Templeton 114). Ibsen was even forced to change this ending in order for it to be performed. Obedience was the main trait that defined women; it was what separated them from men. When she decides to leave, Torvald claims that she is insane, because her â€Å"most sacred duties were to her husband and her children,† and â€Å"before all else she was a wife and mother† (68). So in leaving, she was in a sense denying the purpose of her existence. Women had no other role or function in society. Kristine broke free from this traditional role by chance, because her husband died. Had he lived, she would have been stuck in the same situation as Nora for the rest of her life. Even so, she is still dependant on men in order to live. When her father died, she was forced to marry a man she didn’t love in order to provide for her mother and younger brothers. She wasn’t able to get a job at that point, because she was young and unmarried; so the only option she had was marriage. After her husband died and she went to visit Nora, she says â€Å"I feel my life unspeakably empty. No one to live for anymore† (11). Her entire life up until that point revolved around men; the purpose of her existence was to please her husband and take care of her brothers. When that was no longer necessary, her life lost its meaning. She came to Nora because she was looking for work, and that could only be obtained through Torvald. When he gives her a job, he feels in control of her even outside the office. When Torvald and Nora return from the party in Act III and Kristine is there waiting, he says â€Å"you really ought to embroider, it’s much more becoming. Let me show you†¦in the case of knitting, that can never be anything but ungraceful† (57). He presumes to instruct her on something that is traditionally women’s work, and a hobby, as if she were doing it for him. He insults her taste and her work as if it is his right and his duty to correct not only his own wife but any woman that he sees doing something â€Å"wrong. † When Nora shut the door behind her, she wasn’t just a woman leaving her family. She was a woman seeking independence from the strictures of society and the rule of men which was placed upon her because of gender. She was the representation of Everyman, illustrating the need of everyone, no matter their background, for freedom. And she was the representation of the unnoticed, underappreciated workers of the world overthrowing the capitalists who took them for granted. Ibsen’s play was one of the greatest of its time, reaching all the way to our own with a relevance that will always be valid and true.

Century medical history

An important person was Edward , who discovered a smallpox vaccination. He did not actually invent it, because it had already existed. She ran an experiment on an eight year old boy to test the smallpox vaccine. He did this by giving him first which served as a immunization. Joseph Priestley was an important figure in the century. He discovered the now called element oxygen. Before his discovery, people did not understand what air or what it was made of. He also was a researcher, Philosopher and a Chemist.Benjamin Franklin Invented the bifocals, although he was greatly known for his work In electrical theory. He established laws on how electricity operates, how to store and use It. He Is also famous for his experiment with the kite and key. Rune Invented the Stethoscope. With this he Investigated sounds made by the heart and lungs, and compared It to his diagnosis he got from autopsies. He also wrote the first descriptions of and cirrhosis and also classified lung conditions Like pneumonia, pleurisy and emphysema.Lastly, John Hunter was a surgeon of the century and Is now known as founder of scientific surgery. He made many advances In surgical procedures, while teaching anatomy and surgery. He also first documented reports on tube feeding. By immunization. Joseph Priestley was an important figure in the century. He Philosopher and a Chemist. Benjamin Franklin invented the bifocals, although he was greatly known for his work in electrical theory.He established laws on how electricity operates, how to store and use it. He is also famous for his experiment with the kite and key. Rune invented the Stethoscope. With this he investigated sounds made by the heart and lungs, and compared it to his diagnosis he got from also classified lung conditions like pneumonia, pleurisy and emphysema.

Evaluation of Safety-Critical Software Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Evaluation of Safety-Critical Software - Essay Example To that end, there were several attempts to measure the dependability of safety-critical software. Similarly, Harlan Mills and his colleagues had developed a process called â€Å"clean room† that utilized independent testing groups to act as end users of programmable devices and were said to generate reliable results than the common practice of software professionals who performed a series of carefully planned tests to measure the reliability of their owned inventions. All things considered, an exhaustive mathematical test, not only based on intuitive reasoning, must be conducted to ensure the trustworthiness of safety-critical software. Programmable computers are tools that provide convenience to the end users, however, devices that are controlled by safety-critical software can threaten lives of people, as well. To that end, an extreme discipline in design in the making is needed. Data and related information should be laid out in a way that it could be easily comprehended by an independent group of testers. That is to say that â€Å"clean room† as developed by Harlan Mills and company must be applied to prevent unbiased results. Human errors often occurred, especially when software professionals would try to self-assist their own works. With this in mind, why engineers had chosen software instead of hardware? In the first place, software components were less expensive than hard-wired logic. These components were massed produced. Secondly, logic, in theory, that was implemented on software could be easily changed than of the one implemented on the hard-wired device. Lastly, software is more flexible than of non-computerized system. For instance, the modern computer technology could provide more information to the end users in a more convenient manner. Less space and power were needed to produce this information.

- Art and Music Appreciation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

- Art and Music Appreciation - Essay Example in God’s design, but Leonardo illustrated it in a scientific or mathematical diagram, still showing a beautiful form and capturing the movement of that time. This painting seeks ancient classic forms to create a historic scene: a Renaissance characteristic that is carried off with architecture (Palladian columns) and figures (Constantine). If the same action took place in a forest, it would be robbed of the elegance and historic props necessary to tell the story, and it would lose significance. The Emperor requires the regal surrounding and the baldachin (or marquee): piety. The poor and rich onlookers would not be contrasted so sharply if the background was neutral: here the beggars are seen as being there at the behest of a kind king: charity. The rich are there to pay homage to a Christian leader: humility. The grandeur underlines the meaning. Mother and child pictures and statues have come down to us from ancient times: much further back than the Christian era. Isis, the Egyptian goddess, was often depicted with her son Horus, which scholars think is one example of the source of most Mother/Child portrayals. There is also the Phemba, a 19th century African secular statue of a mother and child. Michelangelo’s early 1500s statue of Madonna and Child is a highly evolved rendition of a very old theme that differs greatly from early medieval images, which were idealized, and largely based on icons. Even medieval statues have a stiff flat look, and almost all show the Madonna with an ‘upturned egg-shaped head’ and long Byzantine nose. Michelangelo’s statue is a sensitive portrayal of a melancholic woman: a humanistic sketch of emotion. The lyrics of the Spring sonnet, and the strains of the chamber music that paradoxically paint an outdoor scene, are my favorite of all the four movements. Here we have a clear sensation of hope in all things new: ‘a glittering arrival of Spring’ full of little birds, zephyrs (light breezes), leaves and plants that

Explore a career area, which you are interested in pursuing and Research Paper

Explore a career area, which you are interested in pursuing and the area on the internet via search engines - Research Paper Example I would like to study business administration to eventually become a manager. Studying business administration is a four year commitment at the undergraduate level and two extra years at the graduate level to earn an MBA degree. Students that want to reach the managerial level should study an MBA in order to increase their chances of reaching the managerial ranks. The best thing about studying business administration is that it opens up the doors towards doing many things in the world. A person that graduates from business administration can work either in the private or public industries. There are plenty of governmental jobs available for business administration graduates. In the United States there are hundreds of thousands of business establishments. These establishments whether they are small, medium, or large size needs a person or persons to manage the business. Another alternative that business administration graduates have is to become an entrepreneur and establish your own business. A person that chooses to study business administration has a good economic future ahead for themselves. The average salary for a manager in the United States is $63,000 a year (Indeed). It takes a lot of commitment and sacrifice to work as a manager. In the managerial field 10 to 12 hour work days are typical of the profession. Managers are exempt employees that get paid on salary basis, thus overtime pay based on hourly rates does not apply. Managers are offered excellent compensation packages that include perks such as bonuses, stock options, car allowance, dental plan, and medical plan among others. Managers working in multinational corporations often travel to other locations. The managerial field is an exciting career that offers workers to opportunity to work in different business industries. When a person is studying in college they must take advantage of the opportunity to expand their horizons. Participating

Biochemistry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biochemistry - Assignment Example Glutamate transmits quick and precise signal in the primary significant sensory and motor tracts. It also makes numerous connections between various parts of the cerebral cortex that forms the network responsible for high mental functioning (Broda 66). Gamma- Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an amino acid synthesized from glutamate by an enzyme known as the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). The dominant inhibitory transmitter exists in almost all parts of the nervous system. In addition,GABA acts as a presynaptic inhibitory transmitter in many circumstances.GABA plays a key role in the development of the nervous system, and it occurs in the early stages even before the establishment of the synapses. Once the synapses begin to occur, GABA plays a role as an excitatory transmitter as it depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron. Therefore, GABA is likely to be the first excitatory transmitter that shape neuronal networks before glutamate took over as the key excitatory transmitter (Dishman, O’Connor, &Tomporowski

The links between the global war on terror and the issues of human Essay

The links between the global war on terror and the issues of human rights and distributive justice in the international system - Essay Example If one incorporates the idealistic framework, one will have to point out that the government should do what ever it takes to make sure that its citizens are safe, even if it involves going over some limitations that were placed on its powers. A realist would argue that surveillance of the ordinary citizens is not likely to prevent new terroristic acts, since the evil doers know how to conceal their communication. As a result, the government has access to personal files of the citizens for not particular reason. Finally, the religious framework would condemn actions of the government when it violates some constitutional rights of the people since this may hardly be justified: as has been noted, the effectiveness of these actions is relatively long, but it surely undermines the trust in the validity of power of the government which might result in further disruptions of the political world. In other words, a country might experience riots of people who want to protect their

Madoffs Fraud Case Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Madoffs Fraud Case - Research Paper Example He said that he earned the capital he invested in the business from Far Rockaway as lifeguard earnings. His firm was a major contributor to the growth of Nasdaq and boasts of succeeding in creating a system where brokers who mostly had traded in the New York Stock Exchange could do more business with the Nasdaq. When news that the business executive had been defrauding the investors and that the firm was nothing but a scam went public, it became a shock for most people. The scheme was a well-organized plan by a number of people to convince the regulators, investors, and visitors in the firms’ office that trading was going on while in real since it was not. In fact, there was no trading in the company for most of its life, with Mr. DiPascali an employee, revealing that he discovered that the company was not trading at all since the late 1980s. In addition, the firm also used a program that generated numbers randomly to choose the people to award-trading orders to, which happene d in varying intervals and in different increments. In such a case, it is unlikely for the investors to face charges for being victims of injustice (Efrati, 2009). However, Efrati, (2009) explains that two of the biggest investors in the firm, who had invested and trusted the firm with billions of dollars, got involved in the case, and the prosecution dragged them individually as well as their foundations to court to face charges. Instead of winning sympathy from the prosecutors and the judge, as they faced the charge of conspiring with the managers to defrauding other investors in the company. In a Manhattan court, Peter Madoff confessed among other crimes that he had faked documents and lied to regulators, which helped his elder brother Bernard Madoff to perpetuate the biggest of all investment frauds. The multi-billion dollar fraud scheme, known as the Ponzi scheme, defrauded investors of their invested capital during the collapse of Benard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC inv estment firm owned by Bernard Madoff. According to his confession in the court, Peter said that the investment sham caught him in shock when his brother told him the truth in the December of 2008 but said that he helped to divert the firm’s remaining funds to friends and family of the Madoffs. The employees forged documents that created a wrong impression of the company as trading and lured them into getting into the contracts and later lost their money. During his confession, Peter apologized for his irresponsible behavior, which is nothing, compared to the number of losses that investors suffered under his watch. For Peter, pleading guilty for his actions did not let him walk free after the judge sentenced him to 10 years imprisonment (Bray & Lauricella, 2009). The sentence also requires him to forfeit all his personal assets that include a Ferrari and more than 10 million dollars in cash. The sentence did not spare his wife and daughter, where he is required to forfeit the ir assets too. According to Peter, Bernard always acted as the boss, without giving his younger brother a chance for dialog. Despite this, he had an option of choosing not to honor his brother’s commands and do the right thing. He contributed to losses estimated at 17 billion dollars, money owned by the company on behalf of the investors, of which he promised to recover 11 billion.  

China's Qing Dynasty and its Collapse Research Paper

China's Qing Dynasty and its Collapse - Research Paper Example The Qing dynasty was started by a Manchu tribe, the Jurchen Aisin Gioro clan, from northeast of China (â€Å"Qing Dynasty†). The first three rulers had peaceful and prosperous reign and the administrative system used by the Qing rulers had mostly been inherited from the Ming dynasty with minor modifications. The military setup under the Qing was noteworthy. The army which was owned by the ruler was divided into separate units that had individual banners and troops. The civil servants were sometimes chosen from the banner men.The Qing dynasty was able to preserve its identity although it reigned over the Chinese. The rulers would go back to Manchuria during summertime and would speak their language. They even prohibited inter-marriages between Manchus and Chinese. The Manchu troops and Chinese troops were delegated with duties separately. Several other changes in social behavior such as men shaving heads and wearing queues were initiated. However, the peace during the early par t of their rule allowed for growth and development in all areas such as public works. The taxation structure was light, and the benevolent rulers would even reduce taxes during famine. This led to a spurt in the growth of trade and commerce. Art and learning were patronized. Porcelain painting was revived with new shades of colors, and European influence could be observed in the samples of that era.Under Qianlong’s rule, China had the largest territory ever. Signs of internal disturbances were becoming evident.... The impoverished masses rose in the form of popular uprisings, and though they were effectively handled, the causes for the uprisings remained unresolved. Some of these reasons were to provide the fuel for future uprisings such as that of the Taiping rebellion in the 1850s and 1860s, which would prove to be a big blow to the Qing dynasty. However, the disintegration of the empire did not seem evident till the mid nineteenth century. The major reasons for the decline of the Qing dynasty can be put under several heads. 1 - Backward Imperialism The last few rulers of the Qing dynasty were trapped in backward traditions and did not keep up with technological advancements of other nations in the contemporary context. They thought of themselves as divine rulers of a grand nation and looked at European inventions such as canons and artillery with suspicion. Hence, they failed to upgrade their war equipment and lacked modern infrastructure as well. In comparison to the Self Strengthening Mov ement in China (1861-1895), the Meiji Restoration in Japan was very successful and this gave the Japanese the role of a formidable opponent during the late nineteenth century. This even resulted in losing the First Sino-Japanese war in 1894-95. 2 - Foreign invasion Another reason why the Qing dynasty began to fail was that of the strong European colonial influences. Britain was interested in trade with China for tea and silk. However, with nothing else to import the British started opium trade with the Chinese. This proved to be a disaster for the people of China since many got addicted to opium and began producing it in land plots meant for food grains. Also, the high exchange rates of opium put a

Planning to Work Efficiently Essay Example for Free

Planning to Work Efficiently Essay This activity is concerned with the way that you plan work for your team. You should: * Identify the targets set for your team, including the indicators that will be used to measure these targets * Identify which, if any, of these targets is related to efficiency and/or effectiveness * Use one planning technique to plan a job activity in your workplace and explain how you would monitor the planned job activity. * Explain why the supply chain is so important in delivering results and meeting your customer requirements. Mike Pevitt Bolton College mission statement Bolton College works with a wide range of public and private sector organisations, including the ‘Bolton Family’ of public sector organisations, to meet the education and training needs of Bolton, its geographical, cultural and business communities. The College seeks to contribute to the education and training needs of the region and sub-region and, in relation to some niche markets, it will play a national and international role. We will support social and economic regeneration and contribute to measurable business success and community cohesion through the provision of flexible, innovative and responsive high quality training opportunities, working in partnerships with employers, local communities, key agencies and training providers. We will create a high quality learning organisation which captures outstanding practice including a culture of continuous improvement, by providing inspirational, cutting edge teaching and learning which is responsive to the needs, interests and experience of all learners and leads to success. We will widen participation and increase access to lifelong learning opportunities in education and training at a variety of locations and assist all our learners to reach and maximise their full potential and progress in their learning and employment. Key performance indicators for the college and department are retention, achievement and success of the students, Functional skills feeds into all of these targets for the college as a whole and now also individual department who use the services of the  functional skills area. The current targets are set out below: Ret Ach Success Under19 Long 1 89% 93% 83% Long 2 89% 93% 83% Long 3 87% 93% 81% The above targets are set for all teams within the college, this year the Functional Skills team have similar targets with the added support from other college departments to encourage qualifying students to attend, enrol and work towards passing their Functional Skills exam in Maths and English at the appropriate level for that student ranging from Entry Level 1 to Level 2. The aim of the Scheme of work is to enable the subject to be taught in a logical planned manner, to make the lessons interesting for both the student and the lecturer and to ensure that the correct resources in place to aid teaching and learning. The scheme of work will also assist in the retention of students on the programme by also allowing them access to their planned year of study and regular assessment to measure attainment and learning. So it is essential that as a team we can plan the scheme of work and lesson plans together and allocate various duties to members to gather resources or research new resour ces and report back to the rest of the team at regular monthly meetings. Planning At the start of the college year the Functional Skills team will met before the start of the first term to plan the forthcoming year’s scheme of work and effective lesson plans that all members can follow and be able to deliver the same programme to all learners whatever department they are in or their ability. The process involves the gathering of resources and planning a logical scheme of work which follows a dedicated learning process to enable the team and most importantly its students to achieve at their given ability level. This process can be perfectively demonstrated in the following Gantt chart. Development of Functional Skills maths staff scheme of work and lesson plans. The scheme of work is developed with regards the college targets and the Ofsted new inspection Framework standards so that we can deliver a well-balanced logical course to the college students to enable them to progress to their ability level and obtain the qualification. All targets set are SMART :- S specific, significant, stretching M measurable, meaningful, motivational A agreed upon, attainable, achievable, acceptable, action-oriented R realistic, relevant, reasonable, rewarding, results-oriented T time-based, timely, tangible, track able A goal would be to hold a weekly project meeting with the key members of the functional skills team or to organise and run a continuous test programme throughout the completion of the general scheme of work. Weekly meetings are monitored and progress is measured against each member of the teams own target areas. The team leader will also monitor on a daily basis using email to ensure that the members are on track and are not falling behind on what they have to do, The scheme of work has to be completed to enable the college supply chain to be maintained for other departments who use the functional skills team to deliver at least two hours a week of functional skills maths to those departments’ learners at the appropriate level. The general scheme of work and lesson plans will enable the other staff members to step in if a colleague is off for any reason they will know exactly what lesson should be delivered that week because they will be delivering the  same one to their usual classes. This means that the learner does not miss out on their lessons and will also enable them to achieve, this will also impact on that department as functional skills now forms part of their own performance criteria so a seamless delivery can only assist in the attainment of the department success.

Nicomachean Ethics Essay Example for Free

Nicomachean Ethics Essay Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote the Nicomachean Ethics, portraying the significance of studying the realms of ethics and political science. In his work, Aristotle focuses on the theme of how human beings can attain the chief human good—happiness—at which everything aims. Aristotle argues that ethics, the study of moral character, and political science, the branch of knowledge and analysis of political activity and behavior, must be closely studied together in order to fully grasp the meaning of and obtain the good way of life. Aristotle believes that there is only one goal, one ultimate end for every individual—that is eudaimonia, translated as happiness, not as a feeling but happiness as the highest human good or a life full of activity. He claims that a person should live a way of life distinct from the lives of animals, where they only live for the sake of living or pleasure. 1 As human beings, people should use their power of speech to communicate and make rational decisions within a polity, striving to live their lives up to their full potential and to their full capacity for a happy life. 2 The life of politics, the via activa, is thus the key to the chief good or the best life for humans; however, the life of action must be of certain type of quality, in accordance with reason, since different actions may lead to the good or the bad life. In other words, a person’s actions must be in line with arete, with virtue or excellence. 3 Possessing virtue is having the ability to realize the good things, and doing them at the right time and the right way to get things done. Virtues can result to two different ways: a good or bad life. For example, President Lincoln versus Adolph Hitler—both of these men possess the virtue of wisdom, although they have used them disparately, one ending a Civil War in peace and the other manipulating others to killing millions of innocent people. To make it to the good end, Aristotle claims that we must practice virtue by, giving it a certain type of character or ethical quality to our actions. 4 Although human cannot acquire virtue by nature alone, nature allows and gives us the capacity to acquire virtue by learning and through exercising them in our lives. 5 By constantly acting with virtue, we cultivate habituation and ultimately we do not need to be self-controlled to do what is just. Instead, we become accustomed to do what is right willingly and naturally. Activities of good ethics or good moral character are virtues. And so, to best learn and exercise these virtues is by incorporating political science in connection to ethics. Aristotle asserts that the science of politics, the highest master of science combined with many other sciences, must be very well studied, for it is where moral laws are examined and its end, including the ends of other sciences associated with political science, will be the chief human good of all society. 6 Therefore, Aristotle presents the idea that the state must play an important role to aim and shape a society of good citizens, incorporating what the good life is: the life of virtue. 7 The state must look after its citizens morally, creating a type of society that will allow people to have a political life together; consequently, this political life will give them the opportunity and the ability to realize their wide range of capacities and their ideal life. Without the state, humans will not be able to experience the good life, the life of action. They are not self-sufficient enough to work alone, for they need others to be self-sufficient and happy. 8 Having a community will give every individual a chance to experience the struggle within the polity, in which he or she can exercise his or her many virtues, whether it be the ability to be courageous in the face of danger, the ability to make better judgements, or the ability to resist pain in the midst of hard criticism. Consequently, they build up their ethos or character, cultivating them to eventually living a happy life. The life of struggle, of politics, is the life where humans can have the chance to develop their full capacities, abilities, and strengths to overcome many hardships and difficulties. 9 Having a strong state does not achieve full satisfaction; hence, the state must know what eudaimonia is in order to direct and guide its citizens. It is necessary for the state to study and establish what is just and what is ethics. In this way, the state could inculcate what is moral through laws and education. Acquiring the chief good starts at home. Aristotle argues that a good state support an educational system, for a society that promotes morality is the best way of cultivating habituation in young children. 10 Having this strong educational system in the state will successfully encourage parents of each household to train their young children in good principles, abiding by the set of moral laws established in the community; as a result, they will naturally apply their good habits in their daily lives and ultimately gain the perfect virtuous life. Connecting the study of ethics and political science together can bring the whole society into a healthy life of virtue. Ethics is the key in which politics can utilize and produce a good society. By knowing what is righteous and what is ethics, the state can make the ultimate life of happiness possible for its citizens. Political science plays the role of establishing and enforcing good and moral character through an effective system that can guide and habituate every part and class of society. Ultimately, having access to a superfluous life of activity in a way that is in line with reason will let individuals life life to the fullest, of virtue and of happiness.

Environmental Exploitation Resources

Environmental Exploitation Resources The effects of human exploitation of the natural resources are not limited to deforestation and pollution; it has also affected the diverse animal species of all the earths ecosystems. In recent years scientists have explored the possibility of breeding endangered species in captivity and releasing them into the wild to ensure the species survival in the wild. However, these sorts of programs are not easy to fund or carry out. Several implications ranging from operational problems, to inbreeding within the species make it hard for conservationists to carry these programs out. Captive Breeding of Endangered Animals for Release into the Wild. Humans are the dominant species on earth. We are considered to be one of the â€Å"newer† species, since our species did not evolve until recent times. It is out species ability to adapt and modify its surroundings that has made it the real â€Å"king of the jungle†. Our dominance on this planet makes us completely responsible for all the things that happen and are not directly caused by natural phenomena. Humans are to blame for driving our fellow animal species to the brink of extinction. Our lifestyles and need to consume goods like there is nothing else in the world to do but consume and produce wastes are some of the main causes for the destruction of our natural resources. In recent years the effects of our dwelling in the planet has become more obvious than ever, and the attitude of people is changing. Scientists suggest that a possible solution for the problem could be to have the endangered animals bred in sanctuaries or places where they can be safe and later released into the wild (Meffe and Carroll, 2007). Implications The idea sounds logical and most people think it is the best way to increase the wild populations of some of the most critically endangered species in the world. However, there are several implications that the general public is not well aware of. Ability to Breed in Captivity For example, not all species have the same ability to breed in captivity. Some require very specific conditions that cant be mimicked in captivity. It is estimated that out of all the recovery plans for endangered species captive breeding is only recommended in 63% of the plans in the USA (Mathews et al., 2005). Ability to Be â€Å"Wild† Besides these conditions, some animals lose their ability to be â€Å"wild† when they find themselves in captivity. They lose certain behaviors that are absolutely necessary for their success in the wild regarding their skills to find food, find a mate, successfully reproduce and care for their young. Scientists have attempted to teach captive-bred animals some of these behaviors and have found it extremely hard to do and in some cases impossible (McPhee, 2004). Some animals learn most of these abilities from their mothers or from the interaction with members from their own species. Highly sociable species have another problem besides those listed above; they behave differently to most wild social groups and struggle to be accepted in the group. Species with this problem include African Wild dogs, lions and ungulates in general. Ungulates are animals with hoofs (Gusset, Slotow, Somers, 2006). Hunters Even when the animals are successfully reintroduced into the wild they are not completely safe. When populations recover and they are considered stable, the government tends to take the species off the Protection Act that punished human aggressors. As soon as they are left without federal protection, hunters move in and the cycle begins all over again. Since these populations are not as â€Å"wild† as others of the same species, they may find themselves lacking of abilities to avoid humans. For example, the grey wolf population in Idaho, Wyoming and Montana has increased slowly and has remained stable for a few years now, so they are to be lifted from the Protection Act in those states. This will allow hunters to kill 950-1,500 animals in order to reduce the population to an estimated 1,250 wolves. This decision was reached in favor of the farmers in the area want to protect their livestock from the wolves, but other groups say that this is not a valid reason because farmer are allowed to kill any wolves that attack, or harass their animals as long as they notify authorities within 72 hours (Legislature of the State of Idaho, 2008). Inbreeding Other problems include inbreeding of the endangered species. Since the surviving populations of some endangered animals are small, the interbreeding gives room for inbreeding, which increases the chance of genetically inherited disease or genetic predisposition to health problems that may affect the animals ability to survive and reproduce. Reproduction in the wild once the animals have been released is key to the survival of the species. If they are unable to reproduce and link their genes with those of wild populations, inbreeding will be more likely to occur and affect their ability to succeed (Pluhà ¡Ã„ ek, Sinha, BartoÃ… ¡ Ã…  Ãƒ ­pek, 2007). For example the Florida panther, a subspecies of mountain lion, is highly endangered and despite the efforts of conservationists and zoos, their reproductive success was so low it was estimated that the population would decline to the point of extinction. In order to save this rare subspecies of mountain lion, scientists studied the genetics of other subspecies of mountain lions to find out which one was more closely related to the Florida panther. The findings showed that the panthers in Texas showed a high resemblance, genetically speaking, to the Florida panthers and their populations were linked. This increased the reproduction success rate in a short time, giving the species and new chance of survival (Stokstad, 2005). The Ecosystem When dealing with conservation biology, every single niche of the ecosystem has to be taken in consideration before taking any course of action. When an element of the ecosystem is removed, it affects the other elements of the symbiotic community. Success Stories Black-Footed Ferrets. For example, when Prairie Dogs were exterminated by farmers and the government in the Great Plains area, the Black-Footed ferret, the only mammal of its class native to North America, was the one who suffered the most. These small mammals have one of the most specialized diets of all the mammals. They feed entirely on prairie dogs and live in their burrows underground. These particular species was thought to be extinct until the 1980s when a colony was sighted. Since their re-discovery the have proven to be a real success for conservation biologists. Their numbers are increasing steadily and education has made farmers aware of the importance of protecting these critters and their needs in the wild. They succeeded because not only did the federal government provided funds and resources for the protection of the species. Farmers were also educated and collaborated by protecting their lands and the ferrets living in it (Cubie, 2006). Przewalskis Horse. Another success story is that of the Przewalskis horse, or Mongolian wild horse. These horse species is the only â€Å"true† wild horse species left in the wild. This is the only species of horse that has never been tamed. They suffered the loss of their territory and pasture lands to the hands of the Mongolian farmers and their livestock. These beautiful horses lost their territory and suffered from diseases carried by the farm animals that had contact with them. Several zoos worldwide made a great effort to adopt the remaining individuals in the wild and started breeding programs. By 1960 the species was extinct in the wild and was kept alive in zoos. Their breeding programs started slow but steady and they have been reintroduced into the wild in new territories where they are not to be disturbed (Souris, Kaczensky, Julliard, Walzer, 2007). Scimitar Horned Oryx. A similar case happened with the Scimitar Horned Oryx. This antelopes were hunted for their horns, which are the largest of all the antelopes, to the brink of extinction. These magnificent animals live in the northern African deserts and the Middle East. Their population in the Middle East was affected by the constant armed conflicts that have taken place in the region for over 40 years. The dwellings of this antelope were protected and some individuals were captured to breed them in captivity. Their population recovered greatly thanks to the combined efforts of local park rangers who protected the reserves in which they were relocated to and the breeding programs. It is estimated that if scientists had not stepped in, the species would have become extinct by now (Campbell, 2007). Tigers. Tigers are among the most endangered species on earth and conservation efforts in the wild do not seem to be making any progress. In fact there is no population recovery. The different subspecies are still as endangered as ever and their numbers keep dropping every year. Some tiger sanctuaries in India have not had a single sighting of a tiger in years. These are situations that have pushed conservation biologists to take desperate measures and embark on controversial projects to save the critically endangered species (Ranganathan et al., 2008). Figure 1: Tigers in the Wild by Species (WWF, 2008) A very ambitious project a few years ago broke the scientific world when a pair of captive bred Bengal tigers was â€Å"trained† to become wild in a game reserve in South Africa. These tiger species is the second largest of all the big cats and it is native to Bangladesh and India. The biologists in charge of the project, Dave Salmoni and John Varty, decided to take them to Africa, because it is the continent with the highest success of large predator population recovery in the world. The tigers were taught to hunt, and avoid dangerous prey that was new to them such as Cape buffalo (Living with Tigers, 2004). This particular release project has proven to be effective yet very controversial. Tigers are not native to Africa, so their introduction to this new continent was seen as a bad choice since it would only mean more competition to the native predators. South Africas native predators include other vulnerable species, mainly big cats, such as cheetahs, African lions, and leopards. These felines compete against each other for hunting grounds and prey. The introduction of the much larger Bengal tiger will only increase competition and favor the introduced species since its characteristics make it a better and stronger predator (Living with Tigers, 2004). The second major issue regarding the introduction of tigers into Africa is the fact that the pioneer animal behaviorist, who was head of the project, hand raised the tigers and â€Å"trained† them to be wild. Therefore, the constant contact with humans during their development is more likely to make them seek human contact in the future. The tigers would not be afraid of humans and the villagers of the region could find themselves in dangerous situations with these mighty predators. Villagers are concerned because in case the Tiger Project releases more tigers, it would mean one more predator to watch out for (Living with Tigers, 2004). These issues have been addressed by one of the biologists in charge of the tiger project in South Africa, Dave Salmoni. Salmoni (2007) explains, that the â€Å"unfortunate reality is that tiger conservation in Asia is in a disturbing state. The problems facing the tiger are ones that cannot be overcome at a whim. We would be acting unethically if we started introducing tigers into an area that has not yet solved its conflicts with the tiger. Therefore, a project like this needs to take seed in another country. Once a working model for tiger conservation is established it is then possible to motivate decision makers to begin to start rectifying the problems the tiger faces. [†¦]In my opinion, if I were given the choice to save the tiger in Africa or see it vanish from the earth, I would choose Africa. Saving the tiger in Africa is not the goal of the project. We hope to use the sanctuary as a model for conservation in Asia.† Conclusion Most of the examples I have listed so far may seem to be all failures, but when we take into consideration that all other measures taken have failed, their results are not too bad. Governments around the world tried to protect their wildlife by designating reserves or protected lands. Poaching. The problem with these is that poachers and black-market traders can easily access the endangered animals and hunt them down. The truth is that there are not many options available when dealing with wild animals, especially those whose populations are so small, any sort of disturbance could be fatal. One of the biggest problems is that once the populations begin to recover and scientists back down and let nature take its course, human greed returns to claim their victims. Recent studies suggest that the populations of some of the most endangered animals are declining once again due to poaching and habitat destruction. For example, tigers, leopards and other big cats are killed for their furs, bones and claws. Elephants, rhinoceros and many species of antelope are killed for their tusks and horns. All of these products are used in the production of traditional Chinese medicine remedies, or sold as trophies or art pieces (WWF, 2008). Captive Breeding Solution. It may seem that captive breeding is not the best solution for this problem; nevertheless, it is the only solution that seems to be giving positive results in the long run. Protected areas can only help so much, especially in third world countries which do not have the resources to pay personnel who protect these wildlife reserves and they lack human resources to patrol the large extensions of land to make sure poachers are not entering the protected lands. Zoos help, but the interaction between humans and the wild animals ends up being a problem. Animals raised by hand are less likely to fear humans and therefore become easy prey for hunters or even other animals. Studies show that the loss of â€Å"wildness† of captive animals is not only limited to their learnt behaviors, some species show these changes by losing some â€Å"instincts† that are invaluable in the wild like their ability to avoid predators or techniques for finding food (Mathe ws et al., 2005). Some of these â€Å"learnt† behaviors can be eliminated by introducing the captive bred animals to wild populations from an early age so that they can learn from those who have better developed instincts and survival skills. This can be very hard to do because wild populations are not always receptive to outsiders and may see the additions as threats or future competition and get rid of it. But since there is no other plausible way to teach the captive bred individuals, their gradual introduction to wild populations is the best way to ensure their survival and later reproduction in the wild in order to increase the numbers of a population (Gusset, Slotow, Somers, 2006). In conclusion, no other conservation practice seems to be providing any positive results and captive breeding and releasing into the wild of endangered species are the only projects that have shown tangible results in the last few decades. It may not be the best way to ensure the survival of the many endangered species, but it is the only method that seems to be producing positive results and increasing wild populations numbers. It is important to understand the importance each creature plays in the world and its extinction will only cause changes in ecosystems that will end up affecting human beings as well.

Why Teachers Should Understand ADHD Essay -- Education ADD ADHD Essays

Why Teachers Should Understand Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder What is Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder [ADD/ADHD]? Some feel it is a neurobiological disorder while others say it is a learning disorder. Ever since 1980 when the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders officially recognized ADD/ADHD as a behavior disorder, the definition has kept evolving and changing. But ADD/ADHD has been around a lot longer than twenty-three years. Some in the medical professions believe â€Å"ADHD is a common mental disorder and has been recognized in one form or another for over a century† (Conners and Jett, 1999, p. 3). Teacher oriented literature leans toward classifying ADD/ADHD as a learning disorder of the ‘other health impaired’ type. It was not until the year 2000 that ADD/ADHD could even qualify as an impairment in the eyes of educational law (United States Department of Education, 2000). At present, there is no cut and dry definition of ADD/ADHD. There is also â€Å"no valid neurological or physiological test that can be used to diagnose ADHD† (Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, 1999). What we do have is a list of common symptoms of the disorder. According to Phelan, (1996) there are eight major characteristics that one can look for in a child: 1. Inattention/Distractibility 2. Impulsivity 3. Difficulty delaying gratification/Impatience 4. Hyperactivity 5. Emotional over arousal 6. Non – compliance 7. Social problems 8. Disorganization Inattention/Distractibility is the most important ... ...ns for students with ADD. Intervention in School & Clinic, 38 (5), 280 – 289. Snider, V. E., Busch, T. & Arrowood, L. (2003). Teacher knowledge of stimulant medication and ADHD. Remedial & Special Education, 24 (1), 46 – 57. Stevens, S. (1996). The LD Child and the ADHD Child: Ways Parents and Professionals Can Help. Winston – Salem, NC: John F. Blair, Publisher. Sturomski, N. (1997) Teaching students with learning disabilities to use learning strategies. NICHCY News Digest, 25, 2 – 12. U.S. Department of Education. (2000). The 22nd annual report to congress on the implementation of the individuals with disabilities education act. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Office of Special Education. Zentall, S. S., Moon, S. M., & Grskovic, J. A. (2001). Learning and motivational characteristics of boys with AD/HD and/or giftedness. Exceptional Children, 67, 499 – 519.

Steven Crane’s Maggie: A Girl of the Streets :: Maggie: A Girl Of The Streets

Steven Crane’s Maggie A Girl Of The Streets Many times in novels, authors use themes to support subjects written for the book as a whole. In Steven Crane’s Maggie A Girl Of The Streets , he uses the theme hypocrisy to better portray the family’s life style and the unfair frustration it gives Maggie because of it. Her brother Jimmy and mother Mary Johnson are prime examples of this theme. Throughout the novel, both characters say one thing and do the exact opposite to Maggie without a residue of guilt in their actions. Which further proves the point that actions are as strong as words, especially when it comes from the only people you trust and care for. Early in the novel, Jimmy grew up to fill the negative regions of his fathers footsteps. He would come home late in the night passed out drunk. He loved to make even strangers mad, just to take a shot at them. He knew he would never have a chance to get out of the Bowery with a future, so to earn as much respect as he could so he basically was a insensitive jerk to the world. But nevertheless the only one in his surroundings who actually showed love or any type of support to him was his younger sister Maggie. Jimmy also never had any good role models to look up to, so he took his defensive violent side out on anyone, even his mother when agitated. One of the bigger problems Jimmy later thrived on was to sweet talk some innocent girls over time to basically sleep with him. Of course they would end up penniless and pregnant with not enough food for themselves and Jimmy would be out the door never to be seen again. As time went by Maggie was thought wrongly to be in a similar situation with the man of her dreams, Pete. She was never in the place the girls with Jimmy were in, just out late one night with her date Pete. And since the respect of your community was all anyone had, when word of her situation came up things were assumed and her respect was taken from her. At first hearing of this, Jimmy did what most protective brothers do which is get angry at the guy who took part, but then something strange happened. In his words he said â€Å"I’ll kill deh jay! Dat’s what I’ll do! I’ll kill the jay!† (Crane 43). Steven Crane’s Maggie: A Girl of the Streets :: Maggie: A Girl Of The Streets Steven Crane’s Maggie A Girl Of The Streets Many times in novels, authors use themes to support subjects written for the book as a whole. In Steven Crane’s Maggie A Girl Of The Streets , he uses the theme hypocrisy to better portray the family’s life style and the unfair frustration it gives Maggie because of it. Her brother Jimmy and mother Mary Johnson are prime examples of this theme. Throughout the novel, both characters say one thing and do the exact opposite to Maggie without a residue of guilt in their actions. Which further proves the point that actions are as strong as words, especially when it comes from the only people you trust and care for. Early in the novel, Jimmy grew up to fill the negative regions of his fathers footsteps. He would come home late in the night passed out drunk. He loved to make even strangers mad, just to take a shot at them. He knew he would never have a chance to get out of the Bowery with a future, so to earn as much respect as he could so he basically was a insensitive jerk to the world. But nevertheless the only one in his surroundings who actually showed love or any type of support to him was his younger sister Maggie. Jimmy also never had any good role models to look up to, so he took his defensive violent side out on anyone, even his mother when agitated. One of the bigger problems Jimmy later thrived on was to sweet talk some innocent girls over time to basically sleep with him. Of course they would end up penniless and pregnant with not enough food for themselves and Jimmy would be out the door never to be seen again. As time went by Maggie was thought wrongly to be in a similar situation with the man of her dreams, Pete. She was never in the place the girls with Jimmy were in, just out late one night with her date Pete. And since the respect of your community was all anyone had, when word of her situation came up things were assumed and her respect was taken from her. At first hearing of this, Jimmy did what most protective brothers do which is get angry at the guy who took part, but then something strange happened. In his words he said â€Å"I’ll kill deh jay! Dat’s what I’ll do! I’ll kill the jay!† (Crane 43).

Women in the Middle Ages Essay -- essays research papers fc

The medieval woman was allowed a larger measure of freedom and status than the usual image we have of the Middle Ages. Women were allowed to own property and inherit from their family. Some women were employed and some were in charge of businesses. Among the upper class, women were as educated as their male counterparts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Europe, women were allowed to inherit property from both their fathers and their husbands. In most cases, whatever the woman brought into a marriage in the form of a dowery was hers, even if her husband divorced her. If a woman was childless or her children were to young to inherit, she would control her husband’s property after his death. This was common because of the trend of women in their teens marrying men 10-20 years older.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some women gained control of their husband’s property because they left for the crusades and the wife ran the business in the husband’s absence. Some men were gone for years and some never returned.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Women had control of certain areas of commerce of their own volition. Silk spinning was almost exclusively â€Å"women’s work† Women manufactured purses and ladies hats, too. And in some parts of Europe, such as Paris, they were allowed to run brothels and taverns.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the Hollister Sourcebook, there is a picture from a French manuscript depicting a woman as an artist painting a woman. The caption states women of the Middle Ages participated in the business world in a way that only men would be allowed to in later times, which included â€Å"trade, banking, the direction of business enterprises, textile manufacturing, brewing, tax collecting, money lending, illuminating and copying books,... and a variety of other activities.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Women could even belong to guilds and some taught their knowledge, not only in artisan occupations, but also reading, writing and arithmetic. A woman could be as educated as her male counterpart. Women also were midwives and often served as a sort of doctor giving medical advice and dispensed medications.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The town of Sardinia provides an interesting look into the life of the medieval woman. In Sardinia, a woman could own property and retain a separate title to her own property she brought into a marriage. It was the custom of ... ...ld membership in guilds. They could conduct business and own property. Not only that but their status in the church changes in the Middle Ages to one of more acceptance and they become the subject for artistic expressions in pictures, poetry, songs and books. It was a unique period in history for women.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   BIBLIOGRAPHY   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Erler, Mary, and Maryanne Kowaleski. â€Å"Women and Power in the Middle Ages†. The University of Georgia Press. 1988.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hollister, C. Warren. â€Å"Medieval Europe: A Short History†. The McGraw-Hill Companies. 1998.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hollister, C. Warren, Joe W. Leedom, Marc A. Meyer, David S. Spear. â€Å"Medieval Europe: A Short Sourcebook†. The McGraw-Hill Companies. 1997.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  LeGoff, Jacques. â€Å"Medieval Civilization†. Basil Blackwell Ltd. 1988.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Shafar, Shulamith. â€Å"The Fourth Estate†. Methuen & Co., Ltd. 1983.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Duty of Care Essay

Introduction This unit will look at the importance of ‘Duty of Care’ within the health and social care area. It will aid in helping to identify standards of care required by carers and the actions needed to be implemented in order to maintain high quality care. The courts have identified what standards of care a person can expect from those providing it: i.e. what a ‘reasonable person would think is reasonable’ in the circumstance. In English Tort law a duty of care (or depict in Scots law) is a legal obligation imposed on the person requiring that they adhere to a standard of reasonable care whilst performing any acts that could foreseeably harm others. It requires that everything reasonably practicable be done to protect the health and safety and wellbeing of others. The standard of care an individual that you may care for or support is entitled to; Care that meets the persons identified needs Person centred planning around the person Support to maintain independence Well-trained staff Care that meets the minimum standards as set down in law Each person that we support has a right to expect a good standard of care which we need to uphold. By understanding and acknowledging people’s rights we gain greater awareness of circumstances which might give rise to concerns. Often it is when a person’s rights are breached that we become aware that we have a ‘duty of care’ to alert another person to a situation that may make a person we care for or support vulnerable or at risk. see more: explain what it means to have a duty of care in own work role There are a variety of terms that need to be understood in order to fully understand what constitutes ‘duty of care’, such terms include; ‘Duty of care’ is a requirement that a person act towards others and the public with the watchfulness, attention, caution, and the prudence that a reasonable person in the circumstances would. If a person’s actions do not meet this standard of care, then the acts are considered negligent and any damages resulting may be claimed in a lawsuit for damages ‘Reasonably practicable’ means that the requirements of the law vary with the degree of risk in a particular activity or environment which must be balanced against the time, trouble and cost of taking measures to control the risk. It enables the duty holder to choose the most efficient means for controlling a particular risk from the range of feasible possibilities. The duty holder must show that it was not reasonably practicable to do more than what was done or that he/she has taken ‘reasonable precautions and exercised due diligence’ ‘Public Interest’ is anything affecting the rights, health or finances of the public at large. It is something that is of general benefit to the public or to which the general public would feel a ‘need to know’ in the general populations best interests.    ‘Whistle blowing’ A whistleblower is a person who raises a concern about  wrongdoing occurring in an organisation or body of people. Usually this person would be an employee from that same organisation. The revealed misconduct may be classified in many ways; for example, a violation of a law, rule, regulation and/or a direct threat to public interest, such as fraud, health/safety violations, corruption. Whistleblowers may make their allegations internally (for example, to other people within the accused organisation) or externally (to service commissioners, social services, regulators, Care Standards, law enforcement agencies, to the media or to groups concerned with the issues). ‘Whistle blowing’ is technically known as ‘Public interest disclosure’. The Law guarantees you protection in reporting abuse and neglect, where to do so could cause you difficulties with your employer. We have a responsibility to the people we support particularly if those people are vulnerable. Listening and observation skills are especially important to develop when we support others. When considering safe practice we have to understand that care and support encompasses a wide area. If, for example; We fail to report that we have observed that a person has a sore spot on the base of their spine, in a short time, that could develop into a pressure sore. If we see a colleague shouting or treating a person they support harshly, could that lead to abuse if we fail to use our ‘duty of care’ and report it? Three criteria must be met for negligence to be proven and be actionable in the courts: The ‘duty of care’ must actually be owed to a person That ‘duty’ must have been breached Harm must have been suffered as a result Whether negligence has occurred is a matter of fact for the courts to decide. Where the ‘duty of care’ has been breached because the acts or omissions of a health or social care worker fell below those of the ‘ordinarily  competent’ health or social care worker, it is important to bear in mind that it will be no defence to argue: That the shortcomings in not acting occurred because of a person’s inexperience If the task or circumstances required a person of a particular skill or standard, then if someone was too inexperienced to practise safely, they should have made that clear to their line manager or senior professional. In turn the supervising professional should have taken responsibility for checking that tasks are only delegated to, or undertaken by, competent staff. Learning Outcomes & Assessment Criteria Mapping The questions below target the following assessment criteria: Learning Outcome Assessment Criteria the learner can Question 4222-204 (Diploma) Outcome 1. Understand the meaning of duty of care 1.1. Define the term ‘duty of care’1.2. Describe how the duty of care affects own work role 4229-205 (Tech Cert) Outcome 1. Understand the Implications of Duty of Care 1.1. Define the term ‘duty of care’1.2. Describe how the duty of care affects own work role Common Induction Standards Outcome 5.1. Understand how duty of care contributes to safe practice 5.1.1. Explain what it means to have a duty of care in your work role 2 5.1.2. Explain how duty of care contributes to the safeguarding or protection of individuals 3 4222-204 (Diploma) Outcome 2. Understand support available for addressing dilemmas that may arise about duty of care 2.1. Describe the dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights 4 2.2. Explain where to get additional support and advice about how to resolve such dilemmas 4 4229-205 (Tech Cert) Outcome 2. Understand Support Available for Addressing Dilemmas that may arise about duty of care 2.1. Describe the dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights 4 2.2. Explain where to get additional support and advice about how to resolve such dilemmas 4 Common Induction Standards Outcome 5.2. Know how to address dilemmas that may arise between an individual’s rights and the duty of care 5.2.1. Be aware of potential dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights 4 5.2.3. Know who to ask for advice about anything you feel uncomfortable about in relation to dilemmas in your work 4 4222-204 (Diploma) Outcome 3. Know how to respond to complaints 3.1. Describe how to respond to complaints 3.2. Identify the main points of agreed procedures for handling complaints 8 4229-205 (Tech Cert) Outcome 3. Know how to respond to complaints 3.1. Describe how to respond to complaints 5,7 3.2. Identify the main points of agreed procedures for handling complaints 8 Common Induction Standards Outcome 5.3. Know how to recognise and handle comments and complaints. How to record and report information 5.3.2. Know what you can and cannot do within your role in handling comments and complaints and how you should respond 4 5.3.4. Recognise the importance of learning from comments and complaints to improve the quality of service 9 Duty of Care Q1. Define the term ‘duty of care’ (Guidance SCILS Hand-out 1) Duty of care, in any setting, is the level of service that is expected, as a minimum, to be provided. In health care and social care, this may include: act in the best interests of individuals. Do not act or fail to act in a way that could cause harm, always act within your own competence and do not do something which you can not do safely. Q2. How does duty of care affect your work role Guidance: SCILS Hand-out How it affects work role It means the duty of care I have in my job is to keep yourself safe and the individuals safe. Keeping up to date on my training. Adhering to the policies and procedures that reflect the CQC Standards. Promoting health and safety regulations and ensuring these are adhered to, reporting and hazards or risks to my line managers Promoting personal hygiene to both individuals and team members. Provide an example Reflect over the individuals Care Plans and Essential Life style plans, ensuring these documents are updated accordingly. Reporting any health and safety issues to the health and safety rep or my line manager. Highlighting any new risks that have been identified to these can be minimised. Ensuing all policies and procedures have been read, understood and signed. Attending all mandatory training. Q3. How could your ‘duty of care’ contribute to†¦. (Guidance: SCILS Hand-out 3b) Safe Practice Unsafe Practice Ensuring when administering medication, the correct procedures are followed. Checking the individuals care plan as to what support is required. Ensuring the medications agrees with the mars sheets times, dosage and route of administration. Ensuring the correct individual is present and I have observed the medication being taken. Filling in the mars sheet according to the correct time and date. Not reflecting over the mars sheet details and care plan. Assuming not changes have been made and not checking. Not signing for the medication. Leaving medication out where it is accessible to others. Ensuing all documents are filled in accurately and accordingly. All changes are highlighted to all team members and the line manager. Updating risk assessments according to hazards identified. Not reporting hazards to the line manager of the health and safety rep. Not filling in documents of relevant changes or informing the team or line manager. Dilemmas and Support Q4. Describe dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights (Guidance: SCILS Hand-out 3c + 4) Dilemma What additional support and advice would resolve this dilemma? Refusing medication To explain to the individual why the medication needs to be take, risk to health and other implications. Speak to team member and line manager as they may provide support to speak to the individual with a more positive outcome. Speak to GP, Learning disability nurse or medical professionals. Ensure it is documented in case of further issues. This may lead to a Best Interest meeting. Activities that may cause harm Speak to the individual about the risks that have been identified. Discuss with them on how these risks could be minimised to ensure safety. Document in care plan and essential life style plan. Seek support from line manger on  how this can be effectively supported. Best interest meeting my be required to see if the individual has the capacity to make the relevant decisions. Complaints Q5. It is important to have a policy instructing on how to deal with complaints to ensure that everyone knows what to do and in what timescales. It is very important that you know the procedure for your work situation. These are legal and regulatory factors to consider and statutory bodies to be informed. Can you name some of these? (Guidance: SCILS Hand-out 4) Fylde Community link work in line with legislations- The Health and Social Care Act 2008 Regulated Activities regulations 2010 There a complaints process in place, complaints will be recorded for statistical purposes and communicated to the staff members concerned. The organisation welcomes complaints as the information from investigations will provided additional learning and help improve services. A complaint can be made to any staff member who will fill in a complaint form in order to record what has been said and immediately inform their line manager. Complaint regarding staff member should be made to the Chief Executive. If a complainant is not satisfied with the response the matter will be escalated to the Board of Directors/ Trustee’s. If still not satisfied with the outcome it can be taken to the Local Authority or the local government ombudsman. Q7. Describe how to respond to complaints (Guidance SCILS Hand-Out) A complaint can be made to any staff member who will fill in a complaint form in order to record what has been said and immediately inform their line manager. Feed back form can be obtained for relatives who wish to comment on any aspect of the service. Q8. Describe the process of handling complaints from a service user (Guidance SCILS Hand-Out) A complaint can be made to any staff member who will fill in a complaint form in order to record what has been said and immediately inform their line manager. Q9. How can complaints help your workplace learn and identify actions or changes that are needed after a complaint has been received? (Guidance SCILS Hand-Out) There a complaints process in place, complaints will be recorded for statistical purposes and communicated to the staff members concerned. The organisation welcomes complaints as the information from investigations will provided additional learning and help improve services.

AT&T Wireless Case Essay

1. 10 points Describe the damage demeanour in the radio intentness. What be the implications of this embody behavior for make up-volume-profit (CVP) kindreds?Cost behavior is how a callers address limiting prone a swop in that political partys activities. Variable be ar personifys that change proportionately with the changes in a keep companys activities. In contrast, the addresss that do non change with a change in a companys activities atomic number 18 fill outn as mend equals. In the case of AT&T, live atomic number 18 focuse primarily into the fixed category. This elbow room that as the companys activities shift, its cost remain relatively unchanged. This combination of lavishly fixed costs and low cost varying costs gives AT&T and the rest of the industriousness a prominent fare of in operation(p) leverage. The ut well-nigh operating leverage of AT&T bureau that the company utilizes a risqueer venture strategy which take aways to higher profits as volumes ontogenesis. Essentially, as long as AT&T maintains a volume that covers at least its fixed costs, any surplus volume translates into profit. This works both shipway however, if volume decreases below the threshold for coating fixed costs then either decrease in volume yields proportionately equal releasees. According to the case, there is piffling cost associated with schoolbook messaging. The case states that school school text edition messaging has an incredibly low changeable cost, estimated at tho a a few(prenominal) cents per text. So basically, once AT&T has covered the cost of the required foot to facilitate text cores, any revenue enhancements garnered from text heart and soul and virtually pure profit.2. 5 points What are the key cost drivers? Can a cost driver be utilize to continually raise determines?A cost driver is the root cause of wherefore a cost occurs. For AT&T and the wireless industry there are several cost drivers. The most axiomatic ones in this case would be the public figure of texts sent per minute and the number of customers hairgripd by the carrier. However, there are many more. These accommodate the number of cell towers in the celestial sphere and the amount of database remembering adopted for handle the depicted objects. In addition, individual cell telephony forges and how many bends that are currently handled by a carrier in a given area are cost drivers. The primary cost driver used for the purpose of determining costs in this case is the amount of texts per minute.In this case, with its high fixed costs and low variable costs, any given change in volume leave behind have wee effect on costs. So, for AT&T, the cost drivers are unlikely to raise harms. However, this is non the case for all industries. If a company has high variable prices and low fixed prices we would expect the opposite.3. 15 points What does it cost AT&T to send a text message?Consider costs of the chann el, billing cost, repositing cost base on this cost, what is AT&Ts profit margin as a percentage of its short message religious service (SMS) text messaging business? Consider per-use determine and package pricingThe case states that the honest cost per voice minute is $0.07. From this the case determines that the alike amount of texts that can be sent, given the data transmission rates, is eighty-one. Thus the cost per text can be cipher as$0.07 / 81 = $0.0008641 per textThis, however, is non the total cost of a text. We moldiness also factor in the costs of billing, databases, and storage. The case estimates the cost of billing at twice that of the wireless costs. Therefore we fancy the cost of billing as$0.0008641 x 2 = $0.0017283 per textDatabase costs are estimated to be $10 million and AT&T is expected to carry 1% of the 3.5 trillion in world relations. cunning this we calculate the cost of storage as$10 million / ( 3.5 trillion x .01) = $10 million / 35 zillion = $ .0002857per textThe cost of storage is take for granted to be negligible in the case. However, I felt that it would still be raise to calculate the cost. The case states the cost of storage to be $1,000 per terabyte and that worldwide traffic requires 1,343 terabytes of storage. Given that AT&T carries only 1% of the traffic storage costs can be calculated as($1,000 x (1343 Tb x .01) / 35 billion = $13,430 / 35 billion = $0.0000003837The have cost of direct a text is thus$0.0008641 + $0.0017283 + $0.0002857 + $0.0000003737 = $0.002878To calculate the profit margin, we simply divide gross profit by total revenue. We will take into work out the profit margins for three of AT&Ts data plans. The per message plan which charge $0.20 per text, the $5.00 for 200 messages plan, and the $15 for 1500 messages plan.Per message plan ($0.20 $0.002878) / $0.20 = 98.56%$5 plan (($5.00 / 200) $0.002878) / ($5.00 / 200) = 88.49% $15 plan (($15.00 / 1500) $0.002878) / ($15.00 / 1500) = 71.22% 4. 5 points How strong a relationship should exist between the price supercharged to a customer for a well or service and the cost of providing that nice or service? Explain.It depends largely on the profit goals of any given company and can vary wildly depending on a number of factors such as whether a company is nonprofit or not. In the case of AT&T, the price should at least cover the cost of the product in order for the company to break even. Any amount greater than that will translate into profits. AT&T should price their products based on the put up and take of the given products. For text messaging, the demand is massive and AT&T gauges their prices accordingly. However, I feel that a degree of worship should be taken into account. Ik instanter that in the business world worship is generally ignored in look to of profits. But with text messaging, they are metaphorically printing money for themselves. The cost of sending a text message is small compared to what they charge their customers. The sad truth is that as long as we remain spontaneous to pay their price for the service they will continue to charge it.5. 5 points Why is the price that AT&T charges to transmit a special K of data via text message so much higher than the price charged to transmit a kilobyte of data via a Smartphone?The price of text messaging is higher than simply transmit data by smartphone largely because of tally and demand. The wireless industry prices their products based on demand. Currently, the demand for text messaging is high and still growing. Because of this prices remain high. Perhaps if the average consumer was more aware of the cost of texting this would change their preferences and cause the price to ultimately drop. Texts are not the only source of revenue for the wireless industry. For example, the industry also experiences revenues from gross revenue of devices such as cell phones. The industry prices their devices in order to compete with others in the industry and this leads to low prices in the device market. The revenue from texts is used to offset the loss of potential revenues in the device market.6. 10 points What should the attention of wireless menages seek to do now?Wireless firms should seek to improve their foundation to increase the capacity and efficiency of their networks. This would award the firms to handle a larger amount of data and improved rates. This would, in turn, increase the amount of customers that the firms could service and would increase the firms revenues. In the case of the wireless industry, an increase in revenues would likely lead to proportionately large increases in profits. The most efficient ways to improve the wireless infrastructure is to add additional towers and storage capabilities. According to the PCIA, revisions in networking policies would also inspection and repair to achieve this goal. Byallowing the wireless industry access to existing financial support structures such as towers, buildings, water tanks, and utility poles, the need for constructing expensive cell towers could be eliminated. In fact, the new generation of antenna systems no longer require the construction of one-time(a) cell towers and are designed to be attached to the previously mentioned pre-existing support structures.

Bend It Like Becham and Looking for Alibrandi

This term we acquit analyze the movie theatre bend it equivalent beck ham and the original looking for librarian. They both explore advance of mount through different conveys to mature into the person they ar today. But during that process they serve across mistakable challenges to face. Jess is from a strict Indian silks family who expectations are elevated for both Jess and her sister pinky. The director of bend it like Bchamel explores the experiences of glide slope of age by masking challenges with her enculturation.Jess deprivations to assume football professional but her family and cultivation disapproves of this idea and has to go by her parents values. The point of slang shoot from basiss perspective and the quotation you can run a fine doctor and solicitor immediately this show the expectations and values of the family and culture. Josephine goes through similar challenges where she struggles to go for her culture and non hatred it. Josephine says, I hate being Italian this shows Josephine not liking her culture and her background. BothJosephine and Jess go through similar challenges with their culture and information to cope with it. Through out(a) the film and the novel Josses and Jess put one across to go through challenges with their family, Josses has grown up her building block disembodied spirit without a pa. When her dad shows up Josses is ball over and doesnt want to see him. We dont need him, Josses says to her mum ,telling her she doesnt want him in her life. Through out the novel Josses has to dominate her hate she had for her dad in the past and permit it go. And allow accepting him in her life.Jess might not have a new dad in her life but she sure does have family issues. Jess finds out her finals is on the same day as her sisters wedding. She has to make between her futures of her family. She fills family because she knows its the right thing to do IM not lying any more Jess says realizing . Lying is not right and has to become more mature and choose right decisions. As the wedding goes on her dad saw she was upset and allowed her to go to the rest of the enlivened on a conditions she comes back straight after.The repeat hot of pinky held up by dentition and Jess been help up by her team and Josses encyclopaedism to accept her dad represents that both girls have achieved a new mile stone in the coming of age experience. By going through the experience of coming through age Josses and Jess excessively go through different challenges. Jess has gender restrictions where her culture and family do not believe a girl should roleplay football Jess ignores her culture and lies to her parents . When her parents find out and forbids her to play again Jess stands up to her family telling them this is my passion and what I love to do. F I cant tell you what I want now, then I will never be happy Jess sticks up in what she wants in life even if her culture and family do not agree. Jos ses also goes through a harsh time when her determination friend died I wonder now wherefore I thought it Johns suicide wasnt true. Paper and could forget the beside day. This shows Josses trying to accept John has died and is never coming back. Both Josses and Jess have similar challenges to allow them to come of age thought out the novel and film but despite there similarities they also have differences as well.

PSY 250. The biological and humanistic theories Essay

calendar hebdomad 3 DQ 3When do you intend you domiciliate impose psyches biologic influences? As an child? As a tot? As an boastful? leave al iodine a exculpation for your answer. biologic influences argon securely to survey beca custom as a military soulnel you drive out salmagundi depending on your separate(prenominal) milieu and the prestigious flock in your manner. I in soulfulness scent that you pile be fitted to count ones biologic influences as an sister because children at this climb on engage been verbalize to jibe their p atomic sum up 18nts since they atomic frame 18 in a date in need.Infants be obviously dependent of their providers still if they ar influenced in a prejudicious lineamentface you whitethorn be competent to lift their biological influences as in their another(prenominal)(a) juvenile life they go away demo those world-shaking influences that propel them from their instable sister life. genius cul tivation definitely has a biological component, and that shape come outs at birth.oer the division of this weeks readings, I open up that re b belyy archeozoic our brains begin to dash varied shapes in egression depending on our environmental stupefys, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as macrocosm besides stimu youngd or beingness inactive as we uprise from childhood. motionweek 3 DQ 1What be the strengths and impuissancees of biological and homosexual-centered theories? With which do you grant to a greater extent(prenominal)?The biological and human-centred theories twain incur strengths and weaknesses. counseling on character versus nurture, the biological possibility suggests that every(prenominal)(prenominal) sort stems from genetic science and is non a intersection point of our surround or environment. Thus, it ignores item-by-item make and discordences state experience such as how our bodies contradict to antithetic stimuli same sample and anxiety. The human-centred supposition emphasises on the close similarlyne on with externalinfluences.This makes the human-centered scheme unenviable to measure. The human-centered mount expects to be a much than umbrella supposition in that it focuses on the single alternatively of beat a group. part the human-centered get on whitethorn be to a greater extent baffling to rate and measure, the allow seems to be more(prenominal) one-on-oneized and special, reservation it more curious and accurate. Specificity calendar week 3 DQ 2What do you hold argon the strengths and weaknesses of the biological guess? puff up-nigh of the strengths of the biological conjecture argon that particular(prenominal) behaviors screw be hardened and reverse by the use of medication. victimization comparisons, diametric species of animals arse be stoogevass dowry to conceive human behavior. taking into custody physiology and how the spooky scheme and horm ones hunt down allows us to perceive the aftermath medication has on behavior. intellectual what attributes we drop inherit backside to a fault alleviate us visualise behavior. any(prenominal) of the weaknesses argon that it doesnt disclose the cognitive dish out and ar ofttimes over-simplify the forcible aspects and how they move with the environment. calendar week 2 DQ 1What do you weigh atomic number 18 the strengths and weaknesses of psychoanalyticalal speculation?The weaknesses of psychoanalytic guess from a scientific perspective argon that psychoanalytic possibleness is unfalsifiable. whatever bonny dead reckoning must be almost(prenominal) testable and falsifiable. Since psychoanalytic opening give the axe non be prove or disproved, it is unpopular among psychologists today. psychoanalytical possibility is not so in force(p) for traffic with issues, as it does not authentically arrange to purpose solutions. all type of therapy is disci pline to how individually individual result respond.What workings nearly for some whitethorn not work well for others. The strengths of psychoanalytic opening ar that it is establish score of the bottom of the individual what the individual has experienced, acquire and handsome from during childhood. When specify record, at that bulge doesnt seem to be a come apart place to start.hebdomad 2 DQ 2What do you recover argon the strengths and weaknesses of peculiarity supposition? wherefore? agree to this weeks reading, A sign feeler to disposition uses a staple, confine great deal of procedurals or adjective dimensions to divulge and get over individuals (Allport & Odbert, 1936).Since at that place argon 18,000 adjectives (most of which could be use to discribe mark scheme), attribute scheme should be limit to a menial number to circular for a persons consistencies (Allport & Odbert, 1936). I pose that one of the strengths of mark theory is that it supports my stamp that some characteristics of people do not change. nevertheless behaviors change, that is wherefore some psychologists can prophesy behavior. In its more basic form, we all can betoken certain(prenominal) behaviors. For instance, we feel that if a behavior is met with punish and no punishment, it is liable(predicate) to be repeated.Or, if the takings seems to outstrip the punishment, it is seeming to be repeated. Allport believed that every person has a infinitesimal number of precise traits that find in his or her personality. He named them a persons rudimentary traits (Heffner Media Group, Inc., 1999-2003). one and only(a) weakness of trait theory is that its focus is too fix in that it does not beat into banknote traits such as humor, wealth, and beauty.ReferencesAllport, G. W., & Odbert, H. S. (1936). peculiarity name A psycholexical study. mental Monographs, 47(211), 171.Heffner Media Group, Inc.. (1999-2003). AllPsych online. Retri eved from http//allpsych.com/personalitysynopsis/allport.html week 2 DQ 3What methods were highly- pay backed to congeal personality traits by trait theorists? How did these differ from the psychoanalytic admission?The methods that were utilize were to categorize these traits into terce levels which be of import traits, underlying traits, and standby traits. aboriginal traits unremarkably loom a persons life, so much that the person becomes know for those specific traits. It has been suggested that key traitsargon r atomic number 18fied and commonly develop late in life. profound traits are the commonplace characteristics that are the rear of personality.These traits are not as despotic as fundamental traits and are the major(ip) characteristics utilize to report other people. With rudimentary traits damage kindred intelligent, honest, shy, and intent are considered. unoriginal traits are cerebrate to attitudes or preferences that only turn out in certai n situations or circumstances. getting anxious temporary hookup speak or restive dapple hold are examples of unoriginal traits